Comparison of 2004 and 2008
It is instructive to compare the state of polling in 2004 as of the Tuesday before the election with state of polling yesterday. The table below shows the the Kerry - Bush score on Oct. 26, 2004 in column 2. Hawaii is an outlier because there was one freaky poll, but, on Oct. 26, 2004, the map showed Kerry ahead of Bush by 9 points in California, by 8 points in Illinois, and behind Bush by 8 points in New Mexico. The third column is the Kerry - Bush election result. For example, the prediction of a 9-point lead in California and an 8-point lead in Illinois were pretty good as Kerry won those states by 10.3 and 10.0 points respectively. The mean of the second column was a Bush lead of 4.4 points whereas the final results was a Bush lead of 6.0 points. These averages are not weighted by population, so they are not predictors of the popular vote, but they do give an idea of how good the 51 polls were a week before the election.
State Kerry - Bush Election Obama-McCain 2008-2004
Hawaii -1.0 8.7 41.0 42.0
Montana -21.0 -20.8 0.0 21.0
North Dakota -20.0 -27.4 0.0 20.0
California 9.0 10.3 27.0 18.0
Illinois 8.0 10.0 26.0 18.0
New Mexico -8.0 -1.1 10.0 18.0
Indiana -13.0 -20.9 3.0 16.0
Georgia -17.0 -16.7 -3.0 14.0
Iowa -3.0 -0.9 11.0 14.0
New York 21.0 17.3 34.0 13.0
South Dakota -22.0 -21.5 -9.0 13.0
Wisconsin -2.0 0.4 11.0 13.0
Wyoming -36.0 -39.9 -23.0 13.0
Alaska -27.0 -26.9 -15.0 12.0
Connecticut 9.0 10.3 21.0 12.0
New Jersey 7.0 6.2 19.0 12.0
Texas -23.0 -22.9 -11.0 12.0
Washington 5.0 7.3 17.0 12.0
North Carolina -10.0 -12.6 1.0 11.0
Michigan 8.0 3.4 18.0 10.0
Nebraska -29.0 -34.5 -19.0 10.0
Virginia -3.0 -8.7 7.0 10.0
Delaware 7.0 7.5 16.0 9.0
Maryland 10.0 12.4 19.0 9.0
Nevada -6.0 -2.6 3.0 9.0
Oklahoma -33.0 -31.2 -24.0 9.0
Ohio -1.0 -2.5 7.0 8.0
Pennsylvania 3.0 2.2 11.0 8.0
Vermont 13.0 20.2 21.0 8.0
Kansas -19.0 -25.7 -12.0 7.0
Oregon 6.0 4.0 13.0 7.0
South Carolina -18.0 -17.2 -11.0 7.0
Colorado 1.0 -6.2 7.0 6.0
Minnesota 5.0 3.5 11.0 6.0
Maine 11.0 8.1 16.0 5.0
Massachusetts 14.0 25.1 19.0 5.0
Missouri -5.0 -7.3 0.0 5.0
Florida -1.0 -5.0 3.0 4.0
Kentucky -17.0 -19.8 -13.0 4.0
D.C. 67.0 80.2 69.0 2.0
Rhode Island 20.0 20.6 22.0 2.0
Utah -37.0 -44.7 -36.0 1.0
Idaho -29.0 -38.1 -29.0 0.0
Arizona -5.0 -10.4 -6.0 -1.0
Louisiana -15.0 -14.6 -16.0 -1.0
New Hampshire 9.0 1.3 8.0 -1.0
Tennessee -12.0 -14.3 -14.0 -2.0
Mississippi -9.0 -20.3 -12.0 -3.0
West Virginia -3.0 -12.9 -8.0 -5.0
Alabama -12.0 -25.7 -20.0 -8.0
Arkansas 0.0 -9.8 -11.0 -11.0
Average -4.4 -6.0 3.9 8.3
Now consider column 4. It shows the difference between Obama and McCain a week before the 2008 election (taken from yesterday's spreadsheet). As of yesterday, Obama was leading McCain in Hawaii by 41 points, was tied in Montana and North Dakota, and leading in California by 27 points, and so on.
Finally we come to column 5, which is column 4 minus column 2, in other words, how much better the Democrat is doing in 2008 compared to 2004. Ignoring Hawaii on account of one outlier in 2004, we see Obama is doing 21 points better than Kerry was in Montana because yesterday's map showed Obama and McCain tied whereas the Oct. 26, 2004 map showed Kerry 21 points behind Bush. Thus Obama is outperforming Kerry in Montana by 21 points. He is outperforming Kerry in Indiana and Georgia by 16 points and 14 points, respectively. On the other hand, he is underperforming Kerry in the lines colored red. For example, he is underperforming Kerry in Arkansas by 11 points and in Alabama by 8 points. Nevertheless, he is doing better than Kerry was in 41 states plus D.C. and underperforming Kerry in 9 states, only one of which he is likely to win (New Hampshire).
In other words, an alternative way to look at the election is how well is Obama doing compared to Kerry and the clear answer is: "a lot better." Also interesting is to see how many rows have different signs in columns 2 and 3. For example, the two entries for Wisconsin are -2.0 and 0.4 meaning the polls a week out showed Kerry losing Wisconsin by 2 points but he ultimately won the state by 0.4 points. There are four states where the signs don't agree: Hawaii, Wisconsin, Colorado, and Arkansas. As mentioned above, there was one weird poll that completely messed up Hawaii in 2004 and the pollsters were saying Arkansas was too close to call (when it wasn't at all). But in 46 states plus D.C. the candidate leading in the polls a week before the election did, in fact, carry the state.
If you want to play with the numbers yourself, an expanded version of the table above is available in
Excel format and in
.csv format.
Bookmarks